正文通过一个Demo，讲解怎么着通过C#获取操作系统相关的音讯，如内存大小，CPU大小，机器名，环境变量等操作系统软件、硬件相关音信。
涉嫌到知识点：
- Environment 提供关于当前环境和平台的新闻以及操作它们的法子。
- ManagementClass 代表公共音讯模型 (CIM) 管理类。管理类是一个 WMI
类，如 Win32_LogicalDisk 和
Win32_Process，前者表示磁盘驱动器，后者表示经过（如 Notepad.exe）。通过此类的分子，可以使用一定的
WMI 类路径访问 WMI 数据。
效率图如下：
系统音信 ：得到如系统目录，平台标识，登录用户名，盘符，所在的域
等音信
环境变量：即操作系统运行的参数，看看有没有眼下为之一亮的新闻
独特目录：桌面，我的文档，收藏夹，等目录，是还是不是很熟识
操作系统：以下是收获CPU的消息，如型号，名称，个数，速度，厂商等音讯【仍能够拿走别的如内存，硬盘等音信】
代码如下：
1 namespace DemoEnvironment
2 {
3 public partial class MainFrom : Form
4 {
5 public MainFrom()
6 {
7 InitializeComponent();
8 }
9
10 private void MainFrom_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
11 {
12 string machineName = Environment.MachineName;
13 string osVersionName = GetOsVersion(Environment.OSVersion.Version);
14 string servicePack = Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack;
15 osVersionName = osVersionName + " " + servicePack;
16 string userName = Environment.UserName;
17 string domainName = Environment.UserDomainName;
18 string tickCount = (Environment.TickCount / 1000).ToString() + "s";
19 string systemPageSize = (Environment.SystemPageSize / 1024).ToString() + "KB";
20 string systemDir = Environment.SystemDirectory;
21 string stackTrace = Environment.StackTrace;
22 string processorCounter = Environment.ProcessorCount.ToString();
23 string platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform.ToString();
24 string newLine = Environment.NewLine;
25 bool is64Os = Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem;
26 bool is64Process = Environment.Is64BitProcess;
27
28 string currDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
29 string cmdLine = Environment.CommandLine;
30 string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
31 //long workingSet = (Environment.WorkingSet / 1024);
32 this.lblMachineName.Text = machineName;
33 this.lblOsVersion.Text = osVersionName;
34 this.lblUserName.Text = userName;
35 this.lblDomineName.Text = domainName;
36 this.lblStartTime.Text = tickCount;
37 this.lblPageSize.Text = systemPageSize;
38 this.lblSystemDir.Text = systemDir;
39 this.lblLogical.Text = string.Join(",", drives);
40 this.lblProcesserCounter.Text = processorCounter;
41 this.lblPlatform.Text = platform;
42 this.lblNewLine.Text = newLine.ToString();
43 this.lblSystemType.Text = is64Os ? "64bit" : "32bit";
44 this.lblProcessType.Text = is64Process ? "64bit" : "32bit";
45 this.lblCurDir.Text = currDir;
46 this.lblCmdLine.Text = cmdLine;
47 this.lblWorkSet.Text = GetPhisicalMemory().ToString()+"MB";
48 //环境变量
49 // HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment
50 IDictionary dicMachine = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
51 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "机器环境变量", newLine));
52 foreach (string str in dicMachine.Keys) {
53 string val = dicMachine[str].ToString();
54 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
55 }
56 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
57 // 环境变量存储在 Windows 操作系统注册表的 HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment 项中，或从其中检索。
58 IDictionary dicUser = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
59 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "用户环境变量", newLine));
60 foreach (string str in dicUser.Keys)
61 {
62 string val = dicUser[str].ToString();
63 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
64 }
65 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}{1}", ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>", newLine));
66 IDictionary dicProcess = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
67 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}", "进程环境变量", newLine));
68 foreach (string str in dicProcess.Keys)
69 {
70 string val = dicProcess[str].ToString();
71 this.rtbVaribles.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", str, val, newLine));
72 }
73 //特殊目录
74 string[] names = Enum.GetNames(typeof(Environment.SpecialFolder));
75 foreach (string name in names){
76
77 Environment.SpecialFolder sf;
78 if (Enum.TryParse<Environment.SpecialFolder>(name, out sf))
79 {
80 string folder = Environment.GetFolderPath(sf);
81 this.rtbFolders.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", name, folder, newLine));
82 }
83 }
84 //获取其他硬件，软件信息
85 GetPhicnalInfo();
86 }
87
88 private string GetOsVersion(Version ver) {
89 string strClient = "";
90 if (ver.Major == 5 && ver.Minor == 1)
91 {
92 strClient = "Win XP";
93 }
94 else if (ver.Major == 6 && ver.Minor == 0)
95 {
96 strClient = "Win Vista";
97 }
98 else if (ver.Major == 6 && ver.Minor == 1)
99 {
100 strClient = "Win 7";
101 }
102 else if (ver.Major == 5 && ver.Minor == 0)
103 {
104 strClient = "Win 2000";
105 }
106 else
107 {
108 strClient = "未知";
109 }
110 return strClient;
111 }
112
113 /// <summary>
114 /// 获取系统内存大小
115 /// </summary>
116 /// <returns>内存大小（单位M）</returns>
117 private int GetPhisicalMemory()
118 {
119 ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(); //用于查询一些如系统信息的管理对象
120 searcher.Query = new SelectQuery("Win32_PhysicalMemory ", "", new string[] { "Capacity" });//设置查询条件
121 ManagementObjectCollection collection = searcher.Get(); //获取内存容量
122 ManagementObjectCollection.ManagementObjectEnumerator em = collection.GetEnumerator();
123
124 long capacity = 0;
125 while (em.MoveNext())
126 {
127 ManagementBaseObject baseObj = em.Current;
128 if (baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value != null)
129 {
130 try
131 {
132 capacity += long.Parse(baseObj.Properties["Capacity"].Value.ToString());
133 }
134 catch
135 {
136 return 0;
137 }
138 }
139 }
140 return (int)(capacity / 1024 / 1024);
141 }
142
143 /// <summary>
144 /// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394084(VS.85).aspx
145 /// </summary>
146 /// <returns></returns>
147 private int GetPhicnalInfo() {
148 ManagementClass osClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");//后面几种可以试一下，会有意外的收获//Win32_PhysicalMemory/Win32_Keyboard/Win32_ComputerSystem/Win32_OperatingSystem
149 foreach (ManagementObject obj in osClass.GetInstances())
150 {
151 PropertyDataCollection pdc = obj.Properties;
152 foreach (PropertyData pd in pdc) {
153 this.rtbOs.AppendText(string.Format("{0}： {1}{2}", pd.Name, pd.Value, "\r\n"));
154 }
155 }
156 return 0;
157 }
158 }
159 }
View Code
小例子，小知识 ，积跬步以至千里， 积小流以成江海。